Owning a fully automatic rifle in the United States is significantly more regulated than owning semi-automatic firearms. The process is complex and varies by state, but understanding the federal regulations is the crucial first step. This article will provide an overview, but it's essential to consult with a legal professional and your local Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) office for the most up-to-date and accurate information applicable to your specific location.
The National Firearms Act (NFA) of 1934
The cornerstone of fully automatic rifle ownership regulations is the National Firearms Act (NFA). This act classifies fully automatic weapons – including machine guns, submachine guns, and automatic rifles – as "National Firearms Act (NFA) firearms." This classification triggers a stringent licensing and registration process.
Key Requirements Under the NFA:
- Application: You must submit a Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) Form 1 or Form 4 application. Form 1 is for making a firearm, while Form 4 is for transferring a registered firearm. Both require extensive background checks and fingerprinting.
- Tax Stamp: A significant tax of $200 is levied on each NFA firearm. This tax is non-refundable, regardless of whether the application is approved or denied.
- Background Check: The ATF conducts a thorough background check, scrutinizing your criminal history, mental health records, and any other relevant information. This process can take several months or even longer.
- Registration: Upon approval, the firearm is registered with the ATF. This registration is permanent and must be maintained.
- Storage Requirements: Strict storage requirements often apply to NFA firearms. These vary by state and local regulations, but generally involve secure storage to prevent theft or unauthorized access.
State Laws and Regulations
While the NFA establishes federal guidelines, individual states also impose their own restrictions. Some states may have stricter licensing requirements, longer waiting periods, or even outright bans on certain types of fully automatic firearms. Always research your state's specific laws before attempting to acquire an NFA firearm.
Finding State-Specific Information:
The best resource for state-specific regulations is your state's attorney general's office or the relevant state agency responsible for firearms regulation.
The Complexity of Obtaining a Fully Automatic Rifle
The process of obtaining a fully automatic rifle is lengthy, expensive, and complex. The significant costs involved – including the $200 tax stamp, legal fees, and potentially other associated expenses – make it a considerable financial undertaking. The lengthy background check and stringent requirements mean that approval is not guaranteed.
Alternatives to Fully Automatic Rifles
For those interested in the experience of rapid fire, many semi-automatic rifles offer high rates of fire while remaining compliant with less stringent regulations. These rifles provide a similar shooting experience without the regulatory hurdles associated with fully automatic weapons.
Disclaimer:
This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered legal advice. Always consult with a qualified legal professional and your local ATF office to ensure compliance with all applicable federal, state, and local laws before attempting to acquire or possess a fully automatic rifle. The laws regarding fully automatic firearms are complex and subject to change.
